Mental Math for Pilots Practice Test

These questions are part of the practice quiz. Start practicing

• True airspeed increases about 2% per 1000 ft of density altitude. If TAS at sea level is 120 knots, what is TAS at 10,000' density altitude?
• If you have 25 gallons and burn 2.5 gallons per hour, how many hours endurance?
• What is the Fahrenheit equivalent of 15 degrees Celsius?
• With 40 gallons on board and a burn rate of 8 gallons per hour, how many hours can you fly before exhausting the fuel?
• If actual temperature is 54 degrees Fahrenheit and dew point is 48 degrees Fahrenheit, estimated cloud base is approximately how many units (using the moist adiabatic formula)?
• If crosswind component is 10 knots and you fly for 12 minutes, how many nautical miles off course would you be?
• Convert 0.75 hours to minutes.
• Wind is 240° at 20 knots. Runway is 210°. What is the approximate headwind component?
• If you maintain a constant speed of 75 knots for 8 minutes, how many nautical miles do you cover?
• Estimate cloud base in feet AGL when the ambient temperature is 22°C and the dew point is 12°C.
• Outside air temperature is 25°C. What is it in °F?
• Twelve minutes is how many tenths of an hour?
• On a 1-degree descent, altitude loss per nautical mile is:
• If you have 10 NM to go and your ground speed is 60 knots, how many minutes until arrival?
• You fly 180 nautical miles at a constant ground speed of 90 knots. How long is the flight in hours?
• Using the density altitude approximation density altitude ≈ pressure altitude + 120 × (OAT − ISA), what is the density altitude if the pressure altitude is 3,000 ft and the OAT is 6°C warmer than ISA?
• A 2.0 hour flight requires 1.5 hours of actual flying time and 0.5 hour reserve. If burn rate is 6 GPH, how many gallons total are needed?
• Outside air temperature is 77°F. What is it in °C?
• What is 9 × 24?
• If TAS at sea level is 110 knots, what is TAS at 4,000' density altitude?
• Convert 2,000 ft to meters.
• If you have 20 minutes and maintain 60 knots, how many nautical miles do you cover?
• With a CG limit of 30–50 inches and current CG at 40 inches, after adding payload that moves CG to 37 inches, is it within limits?
• With a true airspeed of 600 knots and a crosswind of 30 knots, what is the approximate drift angle?
• If you have 30 NM to go and your ground speed is 60 knots, how many minutes until arrival?
• Glide distance from 10,000 ft above ground level (AGL) is approximately how many miles?
• If you fly 9 hours at 2.5 gallons per hour, how many gallons consumed?
• Descend 6,000 feet at 1,000 FPM. How long will the descent take?
• If you hold at 120 knots for 60 minutes, distance?
• Increase the 1,000 lb item from 14 inches to 18 inches while keeping 500 lb at 20 inches; total weight 1,500 lb; CG approximately?
• What is the moist adiabatic lapse rate in Celsius degrees as stated?
• Which formula yields Fahrenheit from Celsius?
• What is 1 meter per second in knots?
• Which option correctly converts 0 degrees Celsius to degrees Fahrenheit?
• From 7,000 ft AGL, with a glide ratio of 1.3:1, what is the approximate glide distance in nautical miles?
• What is 1 knot in miles per hour?
• At a 1-degree descent angle, how many feet do you descend per mile traveled?
• If the air temperature is 18°C and the dew point is 6°C, what is the approximate cloud base in feet AGL?
• Gallons of fuel remaining for 30 minutes at the same burn rate?
• If 25 gallons of fuel are available and endurance required is 10 hours, what is the burn rate in gallons per hour?
• With 200 gallons of fuel on board and a burn rate of 2.5 GPH, what is the endurance in hours?
• If 65 knots is equivalent to how many mph? (1 knot = 1.15078 mph)
• Density altitude is approximately 5,720 ft under the given conditions. Which of the following is the closest to this value?
• If your ground speed is 120 knots and you want to cover 60 nautical miles, how long will it take?
• Add 200 lb payload at 60 inches to the original 1,200 lb at 24 and 1,000 lb at 14; total weight 1,700; CG ≈ ?
• To cover 60 NM with a ground speed of 120 knots, how many minutes does the leg take?
• If you burn 5 gallons per hour and fly for 4.25 hours, how many gallons are consumed?
• If you are cruising at 110 knots true airspeed and want to travel 220 nautical miles, how long will it take?
• In the rough crosswind component calculation, which sequence of steps is correct?
• Which option gives the Fahrenheit equivalent of 30 degrees Celsius?
• What is the number of nautical miles in 1 statute mile?
• One nautical mile equals how many feet?
• If you climb from sea level to 3,000 ft at 600 ft/min, how many minutes?
• What is the reciprocal heading formula when the initial heading is less than 180 degrees?
• If you cruise at 60 knots for 30 minutes, distance traveled?
• If 1 liter equals 0.264172 gallons, how many gallons are in 100 liters?
• How many seconds are in a 2-hour flight?
• What is the headwind component multiplier for a wind angle of 030 degrees relative to the runway?
• A 60-minute leg at 60 knots requires how many nautical miles?
• If the air temperature is 26°C and the dew point is 14°C, estimate cloud base in feet AGL.
• If the pressure altitude is 5,000 ft and the outside air temperature is 6°C hotter than ISA, density altitude is approximately what?
• One nautical mile equals how many meters?
• What is 40 degrees Celsius in Fahrenheit?
• Two ballast items: 700 lb at 10 inches and 900 lb at 26 inches, total weight 1,600 lb; CG at ?
• With temperature 30°C and dew point 20°C, estimate the cloud base in feet AGL.
• In the same scenario, what constant descent rate is required to descend from 10,000 ft to 6,000 ft over 10 minutes?
• At 90 NM distance with a true airspeed of 120 knots, how many minutes to complete?
• Every 9 minutes equals what fraction of an hour?
• A headwind of 15 knots reduces your ground speed. If your true airspeed is 105 knots, what is the approximate ground speed?
• If you descend from 5,000 ft to 2,000 ft at 500 ft/min, how many minutes does the descent take?
• If you burn 7 GPH for 3 hours, how many gallons are burned?
• Time to cover 15 miles at a ground speed of 90 knots is approximately how many minutes?
• If you travel 1,000 miles at 500 mph, how many hours?
• If you fly at 120 knots for 25 minutes, how many nautical miles do you cover?
• Every 15 minutes equals how many hours?
• What is 60 minutes in hours?
• If you fly 20 NM at 40 knots, how long does it take?
• What is the feet equivalent of 1 1/4 SM in RVR SM visibilities?
• In the hydroplane formula, what operation is applied to tire pressure?
• Which option gives the Fahrenheit equivalent of 15 degrees Celsius?
• If the maximum takeoff weight is 2,000 lb and current weight is 1,520 lb, how many pounds can you add before MTOW?
• How many minutes are in 0.4 hours?
• If you travel 300 NM at 150 knots, how long does it take?
• What is the average fuel burn per hour at 75% engine power?
• From 5,000 ft AGL, using a glide ratio of 1.3:1, how many nautical miles can you glide?
• Using the 60:1 rule, if you are 30 miles from a VOR and off course by 1 degree, how many miles off course are you?
• From 8,000 ft AGL, using a glide ratio of 1.3:1, how many nautical miles can you glide?
• Forty-five minutes is equal to how many tenths of an hour?
• An airplane has tare weight 1,200 lb at CG 24 inches. If you add a 300 lb payload at 60 inches, what is the new CG in inches?
• A crosswind component of 12 knots at Mach 0.6 results in a drift angle of how many degrees?
• Descending from 3,000' MSL to 1,000' MSL at 500 FPM. You're flying 120 knots groundspeed. How far will you travel by the time you reach 1,000' MSL?
• Descend 9,800 feet at 1,400 FPM. How long will the descent take?
• If you descend from 4,500 ft to 1,500 ft at 600 ft/min, how many minutes?
• If final approach GS is 100 knots, what descent rate is needed to maintain a 3-degree glideslope?
• Glide distance from 5,000 ft AGL is approximately how many miles?
• Endurance planning: If endurance is 5 hours and you must reserve 0.5 hour, how many hours are available for planning?
• What does MPM stand for in aviation speed terminology?
• Convert 3 gallons to liters (1 gallon = 3.78541 liters).
• If you have 50 gallons on board and burn 9 gallons per hour, what is the endurance in hours?
• A payload of 150 lb at 10 inches is added to a 1,600 lb airplane at 40 inches. What is the new CG?
• If you descend at 3 degrees for 2 miles, how many feet will you descend?
• If you burn 6 GPH for 2 hours, how many gallons are consumed?
• Rule of thumb: descent rate for a 3-degree glidepath with 80 knots groundspeed is:
• Convert 10 kilometers to nautical miles (1 NM = 1.852 km).
• Convert 1,000 ft to meters, using 1 meter equals 3.28084 feet.
• You are given a temperature of 25°C and a dew point of 12°C. Estimate the cloud base in feet AGL.
• Three minutes is equal to how many twentieths of an hour?
• A ballast weight of 500 lb sits at 20 inches, and a 1,000 lb item sits at 14 inches. If total weight is 1,500 lb, what is the center of gravity from the datum?
• What is the pattern altitude used in these scenarios?
• If tare weight is 1,200 lb at 24 inches, and a 360 lb payload is placed at 60 inches, what is the new center of gravity in inches?
• If wind is 25 knots from the left at 90° to the runway, what is the crosswind component?
• A flight plan requires 2.5 hours of flying time and you must hold a 0.5 hour reserve. What is the minimum planned mission time?
• Arizona time from Zulu is obtained by subtracting 7 hours. If Zulu time is 20:00, what is Arizona local time?
• If you hold at altitude and maintain a cruise speed of 120 knots for 30 minutes, what distance have you traveled?
• What is the hydroplane speed formula Vhp in terms of tire pressure?
• Convert 15 statute miles to nautical miles (1 NM = 1.15078 miles).
• Using the cloud base estimate with actual temperature 60 C and dew point 50 C, what is the estimated cloud base?
• You are flying 60 knots. How long to travel 6 NM?
• With a true airspeed of 360 knots and a crosswind of 15 knots, what is the approximate drift angle?
• If wind is 18 knots from the left at 90° to the runway, what is the crosswind component?
• A descent rate of 550 ft/min for 4 minutes results in altitude loss of?
• If you have 12 NM to go and you are traveling at 60 knots, how many minutes to go?
• Gust factor rule: add half the gust factor to final approach speed. If winds are 15 knots gusting to 25, how many knots should you add?
• What is the Celsius value using the formula C = (F - 32) x 5/9?
• 120 knots for 7.5 minutes, how many nautical miles will you travel?
• What is the drift angle for a crosswind of 8 knots when cruising at Mach 0.8?
• If 1 nautical mile equals 6,076 ft, how many feet are in 25 nautical miles?
• Flying 200 NM at 250 knots, how many minutes to complete the leg?
• What is the Fahrenheit equivalent of 30 degrees Celsius?
• A 0.01 inch of mercury change in the altimeter setting results in how many feet change in pressure altitude?
• How many nautical miles are traveled in 15 minutes at 60 knots?
• With a true airspeed of 500 knots and a crosswind of 15 knots, what is the approximate drift angle in degrees?
• A fuel tank capacity of 60 gallons with a burn rate of 8 gallons per hour gives endurance of?
• What is 1 knot in meters per second?
• Convert 1 nautical mile to kilometers.
• A climb rate of 700 ft/min for 3 minutes results in altitude gain of?
• If a flight plan requires 2.5 hours of flying time and you must hold a 0.5 hour reserve, what percent of the total mission time is the reserve?
• One nautical mile equals 6,076 ft; how many feet are in 4 nautical miles?
• Using the cloud base estimation formula, if actual temperature is 20 C and dew point is 5 C, what is the estimated cloud base?
• One nautical mile equals how many statute miles?
• You fly 120 NM at 160 knots. How long will the flight take?
• 0 degrees Celsius equals how many degrees Fahrenheit?
• What is 0.5 nautical miles in kilometers?
• How many liters are in 3 gallons?
• At 1000 ft AGL, glide distance is at least how many miles?
• You are flying 150 knots groundspeed. How many miles per minute is this?
• A moment calculation: two weights, 900 lb at 15 inches and 600 lb at 40 inches. What is the center of gravity (inches)?
• According to the standard lapse rate, how many Fahrenheit degrees are gained or lost per 1,000 feet?
• What is 1 mile per hour in knots?
• What is the headwind component multiplier for a wind angle of 060 degrees relative to the runway?
• What is the feet equivalent of 1/2 SM when translating RVR SM visibilities to feet?
• What is the feet equivalent of 3/4 SM in RVR SM visibilities?
• Convert 2.5 hours to minutes.
• How many CelsiusDegrees per 1,000 feet of altitude does the standard lapse rate specify?
• What is the reciprocal heading formula when the initial heading is greater than 180 degrees?
• You're tracking a VOR at 30 DME with a 1-degree track error. How far off course are you?
• For a 1.5 hour flight with 0.75 hour reserve and a burn rate of 6 GPH, how many gallons total are needed?
• In a scenario where you are 20 NM from a fix, flying at 120 KTS ground speed, starting at 10,000 ft and must cross at 6,000 ft, how many minutes will it take to reach the fix?
• If you fly 15 minutes at 40 knots, how many nautical miles do you cover?
• If your ground speed is 60 knots, what is your speed in miles per minute (MPM)?
• At 120 knots, how far will you travel in 7 minutes?
• 2 degrees for 3 miles results in how many feet descended?
• Which expression correctly represents the reciprocal heading for an initial heading less than 180 degrees?
• Altimeter setting drops 0.25 inHg, pressure altitude change?
• You are flying 180 knots. How long will it take to travel 45 NM?
• What is the feet equivalent of 1 SM in RVR SM visibilities?
• What is the feet equivalent of 1/4 SM in RVR SM visibilities?
• Gallons of fuel remaining for 45 minutes at a burn rate of 17.8 gallons per hour?
• If you ascend from sea level to 5,000 ft at 600 ft/min, how many minutes?
• Using the 60:1 rule, at 60 miles from a VOR, 1 degree off course equals how many miles off?
• Current weight is 1,600 lb with a CG of 40 inches. If you add 200 lb at 15 inches, what is the new CG?
• Convert 60 minutes into hours.
• If the altimeter setting drops 0.15 inHg, how much will pressure altitude change?
• Descent rate per mile when descending 6,000 feet over 15 miles is approximately how many feet per mile?
• Zulu time 21:30; what is Arizona local time?
• You fly 75 NM at 150 knots. How long will the trip take in minutes?
• You are at 6,000 feet and cleared to climb to FL260. You have 40 miles to reach the target altitude. What climb angle is required?
• Wind is 090° at 15 knots. Runway is 180°. What is the crosswind component?
• Six minutes equals how many tenths of an hour?
• Outside air temperature is 20°C. What is it in °F?